[1765] | 1 | /* vi: set sw=4 ts=4: */
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| 2 | /*
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| 3 | * universal getopt32 implementation for busybox
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| 4 | *
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| 5 | * Copyright (C) 2003-2005 Vladimir Oleynik <dzo@simtreas.ru>
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| 6 | *
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| 7 | * Licensed under GPLv2 or later, see file LICENSE in this tarball for details.
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| 8 | */
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| 9 |
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| 10 | #include <getopt.h>
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| 11 | #include "libbb.h"
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| 12 |
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| 13 | /* Documentation
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| 14 |
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| 15 | uint32_t
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| 16 | getopt32(char **argv, const char *applet_opts, ...)
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| 17 |
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| 18 | The command line options must be declared in const char
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| 19 | *applet_opts as a string of chars, for example:
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| 20 |
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| 21 | flags = getopt32(argv, "rnug");
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| 22 |
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| 23 | If one of the given options is found, a flag value is added to
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| 24 | the return value (an unsigned long).
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| 25 |
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| 26 | The flag value is determined by the position of the char in
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| 27 | applet_opts string. For example, in the above case:
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| 28 |
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| 29 | flags = getopt32(argv, "rnug");
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| 30 |
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| 31 | "r" will add 1 (bit 0)
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| 32 | "n" will add 2 (bit 1)
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| 33 | "u will add 4 (bit 2)
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| 34 | "g" will add 8 (bit 3)
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| 35 |
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| 36 | and so on. You can also look at the return value as a bit
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| 37 | field and each option sets one bit.
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| 38 |
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| 39 | On exit, global variable optind is set so that if you
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| 40 | will do argc -= optind; argv += optind; then
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| 41 | argc will be equal to number of remaining non-option
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| 42 | arguments, first one would be in argv[0], next in argv[1] and so on
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| 43 | (options and their parameters will be moved into argv[]
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| 44 | positions prior to argv[optind]).
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| 45 |
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| 46 | ":" If one of the options requires an argument, then add a ":"
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| 47 | after the char in applet_opts and provide a pointer to store
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| 48 | the argument. For example:
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| 49 |
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| 50 | char *pointer_to_arg_for_a;
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| 51 | char *pointer_to_arg_for_b;
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| 52 | char *pointer_to_arg_for_c;
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| 53 | char *pointer_to_arg_for_d;
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| 54 |
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| 55 | flags = getopt32(argv, "a:b:c:d:",
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| 56 | &pointer_to_arg_for_a, &pointer_to_arg_for_b,
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| 57 | &pointer_to_arg_for_c, &pointer_to_arg_for_d);
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| 58 |
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| 59 | The type of the pointer (char* or llist_t*) may be controlled
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| 60 | by the "::" special separator that is set in the external string
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| 61 | opt_complementary (see below for more info).
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| 62 |
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| 63 | "::" If option can have an *optional* argument, then add a "::"
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| 64 | after its char in applet_opts and provide a pointer to store
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| 65 | the argument. Note that optional arguments _must_
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| 66 | immediately follow the option: -oparam, not -o param.
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| 67 |
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| 68 | "+" If the first character in the applet_opts string is a plus,
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| 69 | then option processing will stop as soon as a non-option is
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| 70 | encountered in the argv array. Useful for applets like env
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| 71 | which should not process arguments to subprograms:
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| 72 | env -i ls -d /
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| 73 | Here we want env to process just the '-i', not the '-d'.
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| 74 |
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| 75 | const char *applet_long_options
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| 76 |
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| 77 | This struct allows you to define long options:
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| 78 |
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| 79 | static const char applet_longopts[] ALIGN1 =
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| 80 | //"name\0" has_arg val
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| 81 | "verbose\0" No_argument "v"
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| 82 | ;
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| 83 | applet_long_options = applet_longopts;
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| 84 |
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| 85 | The last member of struct option (val) typically is set to
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| 86 | matching short option from applet_opts. If there is no matching
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| 87 | char in applet_opts, then:
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| 88 | - return bit have next position after short options
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| 89 | - if has_arg is not "No_argument", use ptr for arg also
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| 90 | - opt_complementary affects it too
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| 91 |
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| 92 | Note: a good applet will make long options configurable via the
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| 93 | config process and not a required feature. The current standard
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| 94 | is to name the config option CONFIG_FEATURE_<applet>_LONG_OPTIONS.
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| 95 |
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| 96 | const char *opt_complementary
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| 97 |
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| 98 | ":" The colon (":") is used to separate groups of two or more chars
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| 99 | and/or groups of chars and special characters (stating some
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| 100 | conditions to be checked).
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| 101 |
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| 102 | "abc" If groups of two or more chars are specified, the first char
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| 103 | is the main option and the other chars are secondary options.
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| 104 | Their flags will be turned on if the main option is found even
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| 105 | if they are not specifed on the command line. For example:
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| 106 |
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| 107 | opt_complementary = "abc";
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| 108 | flags = getopt32(argv, "abcd")
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| 109 |
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| 110 | If getopt() finds "-a" on the command line, then
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| 111 | getopt32's return value will be as if "-a -b -c" were
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| 112 | found.
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| 113 |
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| 114 | "ww" Adjacent double options have a counter associated which indicates
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| 115 | the number of occurences of the option.
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| 116 | For example the ps applet needs:
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| 117 | if w is given once, GNU ps sets the width to 132,
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| 118 | if w is given more than once, it is "unlimited"
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| 119 |
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| 120 | int w_counter = 0;
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| 121 | opt_complementary = "ww";
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| 122 | getopt32(argv, "w", &w_counter);
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| 123 | if (w_counter)
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| 124 | width = (w_counter == 1) ? 132 : INT_MAX;
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| 125 | else
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| 126 | get_terminal_width(...&width...);
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| 127 |
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| 128 | w_counter is a pointer to an integer. It has to be passed to
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| 129 | getopt32() after all other option argument sinks.
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| 130 |
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| 131 | For example: accept multiple -v to indicate the level of verbosity
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| 132 | and for each -b optarg, add optarg to my_b. Finally, if b is given,
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| 133 | turn off c and vice versa:
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| 134 |
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| 135 | llist_t *my_b = NULL;
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| 136 | int verbose_level = 0;
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| 137 | opt_complementary = "vv:b::b-c:c-b";
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| 138 | f = getopt32(argv, "vb:c", &my_b, &verbose_level);
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| 139 | if (f & 2) // -c after -b unsets -b flag
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| 140 | while (my_b) { dosomething_with(my_b->data); my_b = my_b->link; }
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| 141 | if (my_b) // but llist is stored if -b is specified
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| 142 | free_llist(my_b);
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| 143 | if (verbose_level) printf("verbose level is %d\n", verbose_level);
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| 144 |
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| 145 | Special characters:
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| 146 |
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| 147 | "-" A dash as the first char in a opt_complementary group forces
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| 148 | all arguments to be treated as options, even if they have
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| 149 | no leading dashes. Next char in this case can't be a digit (0-9),
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| 150 | use ':' or end of line. For example:
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| 151 |
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| 152 | opt_complementary = "-:w-x:x-w";
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| 153 | getopt32(argv, "wx");
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| 154 |
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| 155 | Allows any arguments to be given without a dash (./program w x)
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| 156 | as well as with a dash (./program -x).
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| 157 |
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| 158 | "--" A double dash at the beginning of opt_complementary means the
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| 159 | argv[1] string should always be treated as options, even if it isn't
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| 160 | prefixed with a "-". This is useful for special syntax in applets
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| 161 | such as "ar" and "tar":
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| 162 | tar xvf foo.tar
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| 163 |
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| 164 | "-N" A dash as the first char in a opt_complementary group followed
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| 165 | by a single digit (0-9) means that at least N non-option
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| 166 | arguments must be present on the command line
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| 167 |
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| 168 | "=N" An equal sign as the first char in a opt_complementary group followed
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| 169 | by a single digit (0-9) means that exactly N non-option
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| 170 | arguments must be present on the command line
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| 171 |
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| 172 | "?N" A "?" as the first char in a opt_complementary group followed
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| 173 | by a single digit (0-9) means that at most N arguments must be present
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| 174 | on the command line.
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| 175 |
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| 176 | "V-" An option with dash before colon or end-of-line results in
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| 177 | bb_show_usage being called if this option is encountered.
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| 178 | This is typically used to implement "print verbose usage message
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| 179 | and exit" option.
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| 180 |
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| 181 | "-" A dash between two options causes the second of the two
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| 182 | to be unset (and ignored) if it is given on the command line.
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| 183 |
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| 184 | [FIXME: what if they are the same? like "x-x"? Is it ever useful?]
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| 185 |
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| 186 | For example:
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| 187 | The du applet has the options "-s" and "-d depth". If
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| 188 | getopt32 finds -s, then -d is unset or if it finds -d
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| 189 | then -s is unset. (Note: busybox implements the GNU
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| 190 | "--max-depth" option as "-d".) To obtain this behavior, you
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| 191 | set opt_complementary = "s-d:d-s". Only one flag value is
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| 192 | added to getopt32's return value depending on the
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| 193 | position of the options on the command line. If one of the
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| 194 | two options requires an argument pointer (":" in applet_opts
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| 195 | as in "d:") optarg is set accordingly.
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| 196 |
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| 197 | char *smax_print_depth;
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| 198 |
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| 199 | opt_complementary = "s-d:d-s:x-x";
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| 200 | opt = getopt32(argv, "sd:x", &smax_print_depth);
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| 201 |
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| 202 | if (opt & 2)
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| 203 | max_print_depth = atoi(smax_print_depth);
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| 204 | if (opt & 4)
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| 205 | printf("Detected odd -x usage\n");
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| 206 |
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| 207 | "--" A double dash between two options, or between an option and a group
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| 208 | of options, means that they are mutually exclusive. Unlike
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| 209 | the "-" case above, an error will be forced if the options
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| 210 | are used together.
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| 211 |
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| 212 | For example:
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| 213 | The cut applet must have only one type of list specified, so
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| 214 | -b, -c and -f are mutually exclusive and should raise an error
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| 215 | if specified together. In this case you must set
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| 216 | opt_complementary = "b--cf:c--bf:f--bc". If two of the
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| 217 | mutually exclusive options are found, getopt32 will call
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| 218 | bb_show_usage() and die.
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| 219 |
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| 220 | "x--x" Variation of the above, it means that -x option should occur
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| 221 | at most once.
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| 222 |
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| 223 | "::" A double colon after a char in opt_complementary means that the
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| 224 | option can occur multiple times. Each occurrence will be saved as
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| 225 | a llist_t element instead of char*.
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| 226 |
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| 227 | For example:
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| 228 | The grep applet can have one or more "-e pattern" arguments.
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| 229 | In this case you should use getopt32() as follows:
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| 230 |
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| 231 | llist_t *patterns = NULL;
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| 232 |
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| 233 | (this pointer must be initializated to NULL if the list is empty
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| 234 | as required by llist_add_to_end(llist_t **old_head, char *new_item).)
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| 235 |
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| 236 | opt_complementary = "e::";
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| 237 |
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| 238 | getopt32(argv, "e:", &patterns);
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| 239 | $ grep -e user -e root /etc/passwd
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| 240 | root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
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| 241 | user:x:500:500::/home/user:/bin/bash
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| 242 |
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| 243 | "?" An "?" between an option and a group of options means that
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| 244 | at least one of them is required to occur if the first option
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| 245 | occurs in preceding command line arguments.
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| 246 |
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| 247 | For example from "id" applet:
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| 248 |
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| 249 | // Don't allow -n -r -rn -ug -rug -nug -rnug
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| 250 | opt_complementary = "r?ug:n?ug:?u--g:g--u";
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| 251 | flags = getopt32(argv, "rnug");
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| 252 |
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| 253 | This example allowed only:
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| 254 | $ id; id -u; id -g; id -ru; id -nu; id -rg; id -ng; id -rnu; id -rng
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| 255 |
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| 256 | "X" A opt_complementary group with just a single letter means
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| 257 | that this option is required. If more than one such group exists,
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| 258 | at least one option is required to occur (not all of them).
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| 259 | For example from "start-stop-daemon" applet:
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| 260 |
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| 261 | // Don't allow -KS -SK, but -S or -K is required
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| 262 | opt_complementary = "K:S:?K--S:S--K";
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| 263 | flags = getopt32(argv, "KS...);
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| 264 |
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| 265 |
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| 266 | Don't forget to use ':'. For example, "?322-22-23X-x-a"
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| 267 | is interpreted as "?3:22:-2:2-2:2-3Xa:2--x" -
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| 268 | max 3 args; count uses of '-2'; min 2 args; if there is
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| 269 | a '-2' option then unset '-3', '-X' and '-a'; if there is
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| 270 | a '-2' and after it a '-x' then error out.
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| 271 | */
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| 272 |
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| 273 | /* Code here assumes that 'unsigned' is at least 32 bits wide */
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| 274 |
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| 275 | const char *opt_complementary;
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| 276 |
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| 277 | typedef struct {
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| 278 | int opt;
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| 279 | int list_flg;
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| 280 | unsigned switch_on;
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| 281 | unsigned switch_off;
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| 282 | unsigned incongruously;
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| 283 | unsigned requires;
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| 284 | void **optarg; /* char **optarg or llist_t **optarg */
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| 285 | int *counter;
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| 286 | } t_complementary;
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| 287 |
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| 288 | /* You can set applet_long_options for parse called long options */
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| 289 | #if ENABLE_GETOPT_LONG
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| 290 | static const struct option bb_null_long_options[1] = {
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| 291 | { 0, 0, 0, 0 }
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| 292 | };
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| 293 | const char *applet_long_options;
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| 294 | #endif
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| 295 |
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| 296 | uint32_t option_mask32;
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| 297 |
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| 298 | uint32_t
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| 299 | getopt32(char **argv, const char *applet_opts, ...)
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| 300 | {
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| 301 | int argc;
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| 302 | unsigned flags = 0;
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| 303 | unsigned requires = 0;
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| 304 | t_complementary complementary[33];
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| 305 | int c;
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| 306 | const unsigned char *s;
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| 307 | t_complementary *on_off;
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| 308 | va_list p;
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| 309 | #if ENABLE_GETOPT_LONG
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| 310 | const struct option *l_o;
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| 311 | struct option *long_options = (struct option *) &bb_null_long_options;
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| 312 | #endif
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| 313 | unsigned trigger;
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| 314 | char **pargv = NULL;
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| 315 | int min_arg = 0;
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| 316 | int max_arg = -1;
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| 317 |
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| 318 | #define SHOW_USAGE_IF_ERROR 1
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| 319 | #define ALL_ARGV_IS_OPTS 2
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| 320 | #define FIRST_ARGV_IS_OPT 4
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| 321 | #define FREE_FIRST_ARGV_IS_OPT 8
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| 322 | int spec_flgs = 0;
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| 323 |
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| 324 | argc = 0;
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| 325 | while (argv[argc])
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| 326 | argc++;
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| 327 |
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| 328 | va_start(p, applet_opts);
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| 329 |
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| 330 | c = 0;
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| 331 | on_off = complementary;
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| 332 | memset(on_off, 0, sizeof(complementary));
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| 333 |
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| 334 | /* skip GNU extension */
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| 335 | s = (const unsigned char *)applet_opts;
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| 336 | if (*s == '+' || *s == '-')
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| 337 | s++;
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| 338 | while (*s) {
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| 339 | if (c >= 32) break;
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| 340 | on_off->opt = *s;
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| 341 | on_off->switch_on = (1 << c);
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| 342 | if (*++s == ':') {
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| 343 | on_off->optarg = va_arg(p, void **);
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| 344 | while (*++s == ':') /* skip */;
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| 345 | }
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| 346 | on_off++;
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| 347 | c++;
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| 348 | }
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| 349 |
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| 350 | #if ENABLE_GETOPT_LONG
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| 351 | if (applet_long_options) {
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| 352 | const char *optstr;
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| 353 | unsigned i, count;
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| 354 |
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| 355 | count = 1;
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| 356 | optstr = applet_long_options;
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| 357 | while (optstr[0]) {
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| 358 | optstr += strlen(optstr) + 3; /* skip NUL, has_arg, val */
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| 359 | count++;
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| 360 | }
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| 361 | /* count == no. of longopts + 1 */
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| 362 | long_options = alloca(count * sizeof(*long_options));
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| 363 | memset(long_options, 0, count * sizeof(*long_options));
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| 364 | i = 0;
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| 365 | optstr = applet_long_options;
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| 366 | while (--count) {
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| 367 | long_options[i].name = optstr;
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| 368 | optstr += strlen(optstr) + 1;
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| 369 | long_options[i].has_arg = (unsigned char)(*optstr++);
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| 370 | /* long_options[i].flag = NULL; */
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| 371 | long_options[i].val = (unsigned char)(*optstr++);
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| 372 | i++;
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| 373 | }
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| 374 | for (l_o = long_options; l_o->name; l_o++) {
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| 375 | if (l_o->flag)
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| 376 | continue;
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| 377 | for (on_off = complementary; on_off->opt != 0; on_off++)
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| 378 | if (on_off->opt == l_o->val)
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| 379 | goto next_long;
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| 380 | if (c >= 32) break;
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| 381 | on_off->opt = l_o->val;
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| 382 | on_off->switch_on = (1 << c);
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| 383 | if (l_o->has_arg != no_argument)
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| 384 | on_off->optarg = va_arg(p, void **);
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| 385 | c++;
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| 386 | next_long: ;
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| 387 | }
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| 388 | }
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| 389 | #endif /* ENABLE_GETOPT_LONG */
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| 390 | for (s = (const unsigned char *)opt_complementary; s && *s; s++) {
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| 391 | t_complementary *pair;
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| 392 | unsigned *pair_switch;
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| 393 |
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| 394 | if (*s == ':')
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| 395 | continue;
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| 396 | c = s[1];
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| 397 | if (*s == '?') {
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| 398 | if (c < '0' || c > '9') {
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| 399 | spec_flgs |= SHOW_USAGE_IF_ERROR;
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| 400 | } else {
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| 401 | max_arg = c - '0';
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| 402 | s++;
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| 403 | }
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| 404 | continue;
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| 405 | }
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| 406 | if (*s == '-') {
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| 407 | if (c < '0' || c > '9') {
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| 408 | if (c == '-') {
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| 409 | spec_flgs |= FIRST_ARGV_IS_OPT;
|
---|
| 410 | s++;
|
---|
| 411 | } else
|
---|
| 412 | spec_flgs |= ALL_ARGV_IS_OPTS;
|
---|
| 413 | } else {
|
---|
| 414 | min_arg = c - '0';
|
---|
| 415 | s++;
|
---|
| 416 | }
|
---|
| 417 | continue;
|
---|
| 418 | }
|
---|
| 419 | if (*s == '=') {
|
---|
| 420 | min_arg = max_arg = c - '0';
|
---|
| 421 | s++;
|
---|
| 422 | continue;
|
---|
| 423 | }
|
---|
| 424 | for (on_off = complementary; on_off->opt; on_off++)
|
---|
| 425 | if (on_off->opt == *s)
|
---|
| 426 | break;
|
---|
| 427 | if (c == ':' && s[2] == ':') {
|
---|
| 428 | on_off->list_flg++;
|
---|
| 429 | continue;
|
---|
| 430 | }
|
---|
| 431 | if (c == ':' || c == '\0') {
|
---|
| 432 | requires |= on_off->switch_on;
|
---|
| 433 | continue;
|
---|
| 434 | }
|
---|
| 435 | if (c == '-' && (s[2] == ':' || s[2] == '\0')) {
|
---|
| 436 | flags |= on_off->switch_on;
|
---|
| 437 | on_off->incongruously |= on_off->switch_on;
|
---|
| 438 | s++;
|
---|
| 439 | continue;
|
---|
| 440 | }
|
---|
| 441 | if (c == *s) {
|
---|
| 442 | on_off->counter = va_arg(p, int *);
|
---|
| 443 | s++;
|
---|
| 444 | }
|
---|
| 445 | pair = on_off;
|
---|
| 446 | pair_switch = &(pair->switch_on);
|
---|
| 447 | for (s++; *s && *s != ':'; s++) {
|
---|
| 448 | if (*s == '?') {
|
---|
| 449 | pair_switch = &(pair->requires);
|
---|
| 450 | } else if (*s == '-') {
|
---|
| 451 | if (pair_switch == &(pair->switch_off))
|
---|
| 452 | pair_switch = &(pair->incongruously);
|
---|
| 453 | else
|
---|
| 454 | pair_switch = &(pair->switch_off);
|
---|
| 455 | } else {
|
---|
| 456 | for (on_off = complementary; on_off->opt; on_off++)
|
---|
| 457 | if (on_off->opt == *s) {
|
---|
| 458 | *pair_switch |= on_off->switch_on;
|
---|
| 459 | break;
|
---|
| 460 | }
|
---|
| 461 | }
|
---|
| 462 | }
|
---|
| 463 | s--;
|
---|
| 464 | }
|
---|
| 465 | va_end(p);
|
---|
| 466 |
|
---|
| 467 | if (spec_flgs & FIRST_ARGV_IS_OPT) {
|
---|
| 468 | if (argv[1] && argv[1][0] != '-' && argv[1][0] != '\0') {
|
---|
| 469 | argv[1] = xasprintf("-%s", argv[1]);
|
---|
| 470 | if (ENABLE_FEATURE_CLEAN_UP)
|
---|
| 471 | spec_flgs |= FREE_FIRST_ARGV_IS_OPT;
|
---|
| 472 | }
|
---|
| 473 | }
|
---|
| 474 |
|
---|
| 475 | /* In case getopt32 was already called, reinit some state */
|
---|
| 476 | optind = 1;
|
---|
| 477 | /* optarg = NULL; opterr = 0; optopt = 0; ?? */
|
---|
| 478 |
|
---|
| 479 | /* Note: just "getopt() <= 0" will not work good for
|
---|
| 480 | * "fake" short options, like this one:
|
---|
| 481 | * wget $'-\203' "Test: test" http://kernel.org/
|
---|
| 482 | * (supposed to act as --header, but doesn't) */
|
---|
| 483 | #if ENABLE_GETOPT_LONG
|
---|
| 484 | while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, applet_opts,
|
---|
| 485 | long_options, NULL)) != -1) {
|
---|
| 486 | #else
|
---|
| 487 | while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, applet_opts)) != -1) {
|
---|
| 488 | #endif
|
---|
| 489 | c &= 0xff; /* fight libc's sign extends */
|
---|
| 490 | loop_arg_is_opt:
|
---|
| 491 | for (on_off = complementary; on_off->opt != c; on_off++) {
|
---|
| 492 | /* c==0 if long opt have non NULL flag */
|
---|
| 493 | if (on_off->opt == 0 && c != 0)
|
---|
| 494 | bb_show_usage();
|
---|
| 495 | }
|
---|
| 496 | if (flags & on_off->incongruously)
|
---|
| 497 | bb_show_usage();
|
---|
| 498 | trigger = on_off->switch_on & on_off->switch_off;
|
---|
| 499 | flags &= ~(on_off->switch_off ^ trigger);
|
---|
| 500 | flags |= on_off->switch_on ^ trigger;
|
---|
| 501 | flags ^= trigger;
|
---|
| 502 | if (on_off->counter)
|
---|
| 503 | (*(on_off->counter))++;
|
---|
| 504 | if (on_off->list_flg) {
|
---|
| 505 | llist_add_to_end((llist_t **)(on_off->optarg), optarg);
|
---|
| 506 | } else if (on_off->optarg) {
|
---|
| 507 | *(char **)(on_off->optarg) = optarg;
|
---|
| 508 | }
|
---|
| 509 | if (pargv != NULL)
|
---|
| 510 | break;
|
---|
| 511 | }
|
---|
| 512 |
|
---|
| 513 | if (spec_flgs & ALL_ARGV_IS_OPTS) {
|
---|
| 514 | /* process argv is option, for example "ps" applet */
|
---|
| 515 | if (pargv == NULL)
|
---|
| 516 | pargv = argv + optind;
|
---|
| 517 | while (*pargv) {
|
---|
| 518 | c = **pargv;
|
---|
| 519 | if (c == '\0') {
|
---|
| 520 | pargv++;
|
---|
| 521 | } else {
|
---|
| 522 | (*pargv)++;
|
---|
| 523 | goto loop_arg_is_opt;
|
---|
| 524 | }
|
---|
| 525 | }
|
---|
| 526 | }
|
---|
| 527 |
|
---|
| 528 | #if (ENABLE_AR || ENABLE_TAR) && ENABLE_FEATURE_CLEAN_UP
|
---|
| 529 | if (spec_flgs & FREE_FIRST_ARGV_IS_OPT)
|
---|
| 530 | free(argv[1]);
|
---|
| 531 | #endif
|
---|
| 532 | /* check depending requires for given options */
|
---|
| 533 | for (on_off = complementary; on_off->opt; on_off++) {
|
---|
| 534 | if (on_off->requires && (flags & on_off->switch_on) &&
|
---|
| 535 | (flags & on_off->requires) == 0)
|
---|
| 536 | bb_show_usage();
|
---|
| 537 | }
|
---|
| 538 | if (requires && (flags & requires) == 0)
|
---|
| 539 | bb_show_usage();
|
---|
| 540 | argc -= optind;
|
---|
| 541 | if (argc < min_arg || (max_arg >= 0 && argc > max_arg))
|
---|
| 542 | bb_show_usage();
|
---|
| 543 |
|
---|
| 544 | option_mask32 = flags;
|
---|
| 545 | return flags;
|
---|
| 546 | }
|
---|