1 | /* vi: set sw=4 ts=4: */
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2 | /*
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3 | * Mini dd implementation for busybox
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4 | *
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5 | *
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6 | * Copyright (C) 2000,2001 Matt Kraai
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7 | *
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8 | * Licensed under GPLv2 or later, see file LICENSE in this source tree.
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9 | */
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10 |
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11 | //config:config DD
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12 | //config: bool "dd"
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13 | //config: default y
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14 | //config: help
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15 | //config: dd copies a file (from standard input to standard output,
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16 | //config: by default) using specific input and output blocksizes,
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17 | //config: while optionally performing conversions on it.
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18 | //config:
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19 | //config:config FEATURE_DD_SIGNAL_HANDLING
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20 | //config: bool "Enable signal handling for status reporting"
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21 | //config: default y
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22 | //config: depends on DD
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23 | //config: help
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24 | //config: Sending a SIGUSR1 signal to a running `dd' process makes it
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25 | //config: print to standard error the number of records read and written
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26 | //config: so far, then to resume copying.
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27 | //config:
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28 | //config: $ dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null &
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29 | //config: $ pid=$!; kill -USR1 $pid; sleep 1; kill $pid
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30 | //config: 10899206+0 records in
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31 | //config: 10899206+0 records out
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32 | //config:
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33 | //config:config FEATURE_DD_THIRD_STATUS_LINE
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34 | //config: bool "Enable the third status line upon signal"
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35 | //config: default y
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36 | //config: depends on DD && FEATURE_DD_SIGNAL_HANDLING
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37 | //config: help
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38 | //config: Displays a coreutils-like third status line with transferred bytes,
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39 | //config: elapsed time and speed.
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40 | //config:
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41 | //config:config FEATURE_DD_IBS_OBS
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42 | //config: bool "Enable ibs, obs and conv options"
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43 | //config: default y
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44 | //config: depends on DD
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45 | //config: help
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46 | //config: Enables support for writing a certain number of bytes in and out,
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47 | //config: at a time, and performing conversions on the data stream.
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48 | //config:
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49 | //config:config FEATURE_DD_STATUS
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50 | //config: bool "Enable status display options"
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51 | //config: default y
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52 | //config: depends on DD
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53 | //config: help
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54 | //config: Enables support for status=noxfer/none option.
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55 |
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56 | //usage:#define dd_trivial_usage
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57 | //usage: "[if=FILE] [of=FILE] " IF_FEATURE_DD_IBS_OBS("[ibs=N] [obs=N] ") "[bs=N] [count=N] [skip=N]\n"
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58 | //usage: " [seek=N]" IF_FEATURE_DD_IBS_OBS(" [conv=notrunc|noerror|sync|fsync] [iflag=skip_bytes]")
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59 | //usage:#define dd_full_usage "\n\n"
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60 | //usage: "Copy a file with converting and formatting\n"
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61 | //usage: "\n if=FILE Read from FILE instead of stdin"
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62 | //usage: "\n of=FILE Write to FILE instead of stdout"
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63 | //usage: "\n bs=N Read and write N bytes at a time"
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64 | //usage: IF_FEATURE_DD_IBS_OBS(
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65 | //usage: "\n ibs=N Read N bytes at a time"
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66 | //usage: )
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67 | //usage: IF_FEATURE_DD_IBS_OBS(
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68 | //usage: "\n obs=N Write N bytes at a time"
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69 | //usage: )
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70 | //usage: "\n count=N Copy only N input blocks"
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71 | //usage: "\n skip=N Skip N input blocks"
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72 | //usage: "\n seek=N Skip N output blocks"
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73 | //usage: IF_FEATURE_DD_IBS_OBS(
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74 | //usage: "\n conv=notrunc Don't truncate output file"
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75 | //usage: "\n conv=noerror Continue after read errors"
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76 | //usage: "\n conv=sync Pad blocks with zeros"
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77 | //usage: "\n conv=fsync Physically write data out before finishing"
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78 | //usage: "\n conv=swab Swap every pair of bytes"
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79 | //usage: "\n iflag=skip_bytes skip=N is in bytes"
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80 | //usage: )
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81 | //usage: IF_FEATURE_DD_STATUS(
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82 | //usage: "\n status=noxfer Suppress rate output"
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83 | //usage: "\n status=none Suppress all output"
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84 | //usage: )
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85 | //usage: "\n"
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86 | //usage: "\nN may be suffixed by c (1), w (2), b (512), kB (1000), k (1024), MB, M, GB, G"
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87 | //usage:
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88 | //usage:#define dd_example_usage
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89 | //usage: "$ dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/ram1 bs=1M count=4\n"
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90 | //usage: "4+0 records in\n"
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91 | //usage: "4+0 records out\n"
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92 |
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93 | #include "libbb.h"
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94 | #include "common_bufsiz.h"
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95 |
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96 | /* This is a NOEXEC applet. Be very careful! */
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97 |
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98 |
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99 | enum {
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100 | ifd = STDIN_FILENO,
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101 | ofd = STDOUT_FILENO,
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102 | };
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103 |
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104 | struct globals {
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105 | off_t out_full, out_part, in_full, in_part;
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106 | #if ENABLE_FEATURE_DD_THIRD_STATUS_LINE
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107 | unsigned long long total_bytes;
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108 | unsigned long long begin_time_us;
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109 | #endif
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110 | int flags;
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111 | } FIX_ALIASING;
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112 | #define G (*(struct globals*)bb_common_bufsiz1)
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113 | #define INIT_G() do { \
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114 | setup_common_bufsiz(); \
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115 | /* we have to zero it out because of NOEXEC */ \
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116 | memset(&G, 0, sizeof(G)); \
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117 | } while (0)
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118 |
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119 | enum {
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120 | /* Must be in the same order as OP_conv_XXX! */
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121 | /* (see "flags |= (1 << what)" below) */
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122 | FLAG_NOTRUNC = (1 << 0) * ENABLE_FEATURE_DD_IBS_OBS,
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123 | FLAG_SYNC = (1 << 1) * ENABLE_FEATURE_DD_IBS_OBS,
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124 | FLAG_NOERROR = (1 << 2) * ENABLE_FEATURE_DD_IBS_OBS,
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125 | FLAG_FSYNC = (1 << 3) * ENABLE_FEATURE_DD_IBS_OBS,
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126 | FLAG_SWAB = (1 << 4) * ENABLE_FEATURE_DD_IBS_OBS,
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127 | /* end of conv flags */
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128 | /* start of input flags */
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129 | FLAG_IFLAG_SHIFT = 5,
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130 | FLAG_SKIP_BYTES = (1 << 5) * ENABLE_FEATURE_DD_IBS_OBS,
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131 | /* end of input flags */
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132 | FLAG_TWOBUFS = (1 << 6) * ENABLE_FEATURE_DD_IBS_OBS,
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133 | FLAG_COUNT = 1 << 7,
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134 | FLAG_STATUS = 1 << 8,
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135 | FLAG_STATUS_NONE = 1 << 9,
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136 | FLAG_STATUS_NOXFER = 1 << 10,
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137 | };
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138 |
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139 | static void dd_output_status(int UNUSED_PARAM cur_signal)
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140 | {
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141 | #if ENABLE_FEATURE_DD_THIRD_STATUS_LINE
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142 | double seconds;
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143 | unsigned long long bytes_sec;
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144 | unsigned long long now_us = monotonic_us(); /* before fprintf */
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145 | #endif
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146 |
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147 | /* Deliberately using %u, not %d */
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148 | fprintf(stderr, "%"OFF_FMT"u+%"OFF_FMT"u records in\n"
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149 | "%"OFF_FMT"u+%"OFF_FMT"u records out\n",
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150 | G.in_full, G.in_part,
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151 | G.out_full, G.out_part);
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152 |
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153 | #if ENABLE_FEATURE_DD_THIRD_STATUS_LINE
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154 | # if ENABLE_FEATURE_DD_STATUS
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155 | if (G.flags & FLAG_STATUS_NOXFER) /* status=noxfer active? */
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156 | return;
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157 | //TODO: should status=none make dd stop reacting to USR1 entirely?
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158 | //So far we react to it (we print the stats),
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159 | //status=none only suppresses final, non-USR1 generated status message.
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160 | # endif
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161 | fprintf(stderr, "%llu bytes (%sB) copied, ",
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162 | G.total_bytes,
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163 | /* show fractional digit, use suffixes */
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164 | make_human_readable_str(G.total_bytes, 1, 0)
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165 | );
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166 | /* Corner cases:
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167 | * ./busybox dd </dev/null >/dev/null
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168 | * ./busybox dd bs=1M count=2000 </dev/zero >/dev/null
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169 | * (echo DONE) | ./busybox dd >/dev/null
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170 | * (sleep 1; echo DONE) | ./busybox dd >/dev/null
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171 | */
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172 | seconds = (now_us - G.begin_time_us) / 1000000.0;
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173 | bytes_sec = G.total_bytes / seconds;
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174 | fprintf(stderr, "%f seconds, %sB/s\n",
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175 | seconds,
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176 | /* show fractional digit, use suffixes */
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177 | make_human_readable_str(bytes_sec, 1, 0)
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178 | );
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179 | #endif
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180 | }
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181 |
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182 | static ssize_t full_write_or_warn(const void *buf, size_t len,
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183 | const char *const filename)
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184 | {
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185 | ssize_t n = full_write(ofd, buf, len);
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186 | if (n < 0)
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187 | bb_perror_msg("writing '%s'", filename);
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188 | return n;
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189 | }
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190 |
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191 | static bool write_and_stats(const void *buf, size_t len, size_t obs,
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192 | const char *filename)
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193 | {
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194 | ssize_t n = full_write_or_warn(buf, len, filename);
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195 | if (n < 0)
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196 | return 1;
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197 | if ((size_t)n == obs)
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198 | G.out_full++;
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199 | else if (n) /* > 0 */
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200 | G.out_part++;
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201 | #if ENABLE_FEATURE_DD_THIRD_STATUS_LINE
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202 | G.total_bytes += n;
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203 | #endif
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204 | return 0;
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205 | }
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206 |
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207 | #if ENABLE_LFS
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208 | # define XATOU_SFX xatoull_sfx
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209 | #else
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210 | # define XATOU_SFX xatoul_sfx
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211 | #endif
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212 |
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213 | #if ENABLE_FEATURE_DD_IBS_OBS
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214 | static int parse_comma_flags(char *val, const char *words, const char *error_in)
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215 | {
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216 | int flags = 0;
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217 | while (1) {
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218 | int n;
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219 | char *arg;
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220 | /* find ',', replace them with NUL so we can use val for
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221 | * index_in_strings() without copying.
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222 | * We rely on val being non-null, else strchr would fault.
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223 | */
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224 | arg = strchr(val, ',');
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225 | if (arg)
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226 | *arg = '\0';
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227 | n = index_in_strings(words, val);
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228 | if (n < 0)
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229 | bb_error_msg_and_die(bb_msg_invalid_arg_to, val, error_in);
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230 | flags |= (1 << n);
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231 | if (!arg) /* no ',' left, so this was the last specifier */
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232 | break;
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233 | *arg = ','; /* to preserve ps listing */
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234 | val = arg + 1; /* skip this keyword and ',' */
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235 | }
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236 | return flags;
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237 | }
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238 | #endif
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239 |
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240 | int dd_main(int argc, char **argv) MAIN_EXTERNALLY_VISIBLE;
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241 | int dd_main(int argc UNUSED_PARAM, char **argv)
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242 | {
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243 | static const char keywords[] ALIGN1 =
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244 | "bs\0""count\0""seek\0""skip\0""if\0""of\0"IF_FEATURE_DD_STATUS("status\0")
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245 | #if ENABLE_FEATURE_DD_IBS_OBS
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246 | "ibs\0""obs\0""conv\0""iflag\0"
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247 | #endif
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248 | ;
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249 | #if ENABLE_FEATURE_DD_IBS_OBS
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250 | static const char conv_words[] ALIGN1 =
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251 | "notrunc\0""sync\0""noerror\0""fsync\0""swab\0";
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252 | static const char iflag_words[] ALIGN1 =
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253 | "skip_bytes\0";
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254 | #endif
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255 | #if ENABLE_FEATURE_DD_STATUS
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256 | static const char status_words[] ALIGN1 =
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257 | "none\0""noxfer\0";
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258 | #endif
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259 | enum {
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260 | OP_bs = 0,
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261 | OP_count,
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262 | OP_seek,
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263 | OP_skip,
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264 | OP_if,
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265 | OP_of,
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266 | IF_FEATURE_DD_STATUS(OP_status,)
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267 | #if ENABLE_FEATURE_DD_IBS_OBS
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268 | OP_ibs,
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269 | OP_obs,
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270 | OP_conv,
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271 | OP_iflag,
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272 | /* Must be in the same order as FLAG_XXX! */
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273 | OP_conv_notrunc = 0,
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274 | OP_conv_sync,
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275 | OP_conv_noerror,
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276 | OP_conv_fsync,
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277 | OP_conv_swab,
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278 | /* Unimplemented conv=XXX: */
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279 | //nocreat do not create the output file
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280 | //excl fail if the output file already exists
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281 | //fdatasync physically write output file data before finishing
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282 | //lcase change upper case to lower case
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283 | //ucase change lower case to upper case
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284 | //block pad newline-terminated records with spaces to cbs-size
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285 | //unblock replace trailing spaces in cbs-size records with newline
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286 | //ascii from EBCDIC to ASCII
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287 | //ebcdic from ASCII to EBCDIC
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288 | //ibm from ASCII to alternate EBCDIC
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289 | /* Partially implemented: */
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290 | //swab swap every pair of input bytes: will abort on non-even reads
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291 | OP_iflag_skip_bytes,
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292 | #endif
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293 | };
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294 | smallint exitcode = EXIT_FAILURE;
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295 | int i;
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296 | size_t ibs = 512;
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297 | char *ibuf;
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298 | #if ENABLE_FEATURE_DD_IBS_OBS
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299 | size_t obs = 512;
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300 | char *obuf;
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301 | #else
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302 | # define obs ibs
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303 | # define obuf ibuf
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304 | #endif
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305 | /* These are all zeroed at once! */
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306 | struct {
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307 | size_t oc;
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308 | ssize_t prev_read_size; /* for detecting swab failure */
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309 | off_t count;
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310 | off_t seek, skip;
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311 | const char *infile, *outfile;
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312 | } Z;
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313 | #define oc (Z.oc )
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314 | #define prev_read_size (Z.prev_read_size)
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315 | #define count (Z.count )
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316 | #define seek (Z.seek )
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317 | #define skip (Z.skip )
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318 | #define infile (Z.infile )
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319 | #define outfile (Z.outfile)
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320 |
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321 | memset(&Z, 0, sizeof(Z));
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322 | INIT_G();
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323 | //fflush_all(); - is this needed because of NOEXEC?
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324 |
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325 | for (i = 1; argv[i]; i++) {
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326 | int what;
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327 | char *val;
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328 | char *arg = argv[i];
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329 |
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330 | #if ENABLE_DESKTOP
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331 | /* "dd --". NB: coreutils 6.9 will complain if they see
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332 | * more than one of them. We wouldn't. */
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333 | if (arg[0] == '-' && arg[1] == '-' && arg[2] == '\0')
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334 | continue;
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335 | #endif
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336 | val = strchr(arg, '=');
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337 | if (val == NULL)
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338 | bb_show_usage();
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339 | *val = '\0';
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340 | what = index_in_strings(keywords, arg);
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341 | if (what < 0)
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342 | bb_show_usage();
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343 | /* *val = '='; - to preserve ps listing? */
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344 | val++;
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345 | #if ENABLE_FEATURE_DD_IBS_OBS
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346 | if (what == OP_ibs) {
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347 | /* Must fit into positive ssize_t */
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348 | ibs = xatoul_range_sfx(val, 1, ((size_t)-1L)/2, cwbkMG_suffixes);
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349 | /*continue;*/
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350 | }
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351 | if (what == OP_obs) {
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352 | obs = xatoul_range_sfx(val, 1, ((size_t)-1L)/2, cwbkMG_suffixes);
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353 | /*continue;*/
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354 | }
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355 | if (what == OP_conv) {
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356 | G.flags |= parse_comma_flags(val, conv_words, "conv");
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357 | /*continue;*/
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358 | }
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359 | if (what == OP_iflag) {
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360 | G.flags |= parse_comma_flags(val, iflag_words, "iflag") << FLAG_IFLAG_SHIFT;
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361 | /*continue;*/
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362 | }
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363 | #endif
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364 | if (what == OP_bs) {
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365 | ibs = xatoul_range_sfx(val, 1, ((size_t)-1L)/2, cwbkMG_suffixes);
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366 | obs = ibs;
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367 | /*continue;*/
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368 | }
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369 | /* These can be large: */
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370 | if (what == OP_count) {
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371 | G.flags |= FLAG_COUNT;
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372 | count = XATOU_SFX(val, cwbkMG_suffixes);
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373 | /*continue;*/
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374 | }
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375 | if (what == OP_seek) {
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376 | seek = XATOU_SFX(val, cwbkMG_suffixes);
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377 | /*continue;*/
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378 | }
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379 | if (what == OP_skip) {
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380 | skip = XATOU_SFX(val, cwbkMG_suffixes);
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381 | /*continue;*/
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382 | }
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383 | if (what == OP_if) {
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384 | infile = val;
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385 | /*continue;*/
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386 | }
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387 | if (what == OP_of) {
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388 | outfile = val;
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389 | /*continue;*/
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390 | }
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391 | #if ENABLE_FEATURE_DD_STATUS
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392 | if (what == OP_status) {
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393 | int n;
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394 | n = index_in_strings(status_words, val);
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395 | if (n < 0)
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396 | bb_error_msg_and_die(bb_msg_invalid_arg_to, val, "status");
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397 | G.flags |= FLAG_STATUS << n;
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398 | /*continue;*/
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399 | }
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400 | #endif
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401 | } /* end of "for (argv[i])" */
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402 |
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403 | //XXX:FIXME for huge ibs or obs, malloc'ing them isn't the brightest idea ever
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404 | ibuf = xmalloc(ibs);
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405 | obuf = ibuf;
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406 | #if ENABLE_FEATURE_DD_IBS_OBS
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407 | if (ibs != obs) {
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408 | G.flags |= FLAG_TWOBUFS;
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409 | obuf = xmalloc(obs);
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410 | }
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411 | #endif
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412 |
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413 | #if ENABLE_FEATURE_DD_SIGNAL_HANDLING
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414 | signal_SA_RESTART_empty_mask(SIGUSR1, dd_output_status);
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415 | #endif
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416 | #if ENABLE_FEATURE_DD_THIRD_STATUS_LINE
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417 | G.begin_time_us = monotonic_us();
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418 | #endif
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419 |
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420 | if (infile) {
|
---|
421 | xmove_fd(xopen(infile, O_RDONLY), ifd);
|
---|
422 | } else {
|
---|
423 | infile = bb_msg_standard_input;
|
---|
424 | }
|
---|
425 | if (outfile) {
|
---|
426 | int oflag = O_WRONLY | O_CREAT;
|
---|
427 |
|
---|
428 | if (!seek && !(G.flags & FLAG_NOTRUNC))
|
---|
429 | oflag |= O_TRUNC;
|
---|
430 |
|
---|
431 | xmove_fd(xopen(outfile, oflag), ofd);
|
---|
432 |
|
---|
433 | if (seek && !(G.flags & FLAG_NOTRUNC)) {
|
---|
434 | if (ftruncate(ofd, seek * obs) < 0) {
|
---|
435 | struct stat st;
|
---|
436 |
|
---|
437 | if (fstat(ofd, &st) < 0
|
---|
438 | || S_ISREG(st.st_mode)
|
---|
439 | || S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)
|
---|
440 | ) {
|
---|
441 | goto die_outfile;
|
---|
442 | }
|
---|
443 | }
|
---|
444 | }
|
---|
445 | } else {
|
---|
446 | outfile = bb_msg_standard_output;
|
---|
447 | }
|
---|
448 | if (skip) {
|
---|
449 | size_t blocksz = (G.flags & FLAG_SKIP_BYTES) ? 1 : ibs;
|
---|
450 | if (lseek(ifd, skip * blocksz, SEEK_CUR) < 0) {
|
---|
451 | do {
|
---|
452 | ssize_t n = safe_read(ifd, ibuf, blocksz);
|
---|
453 | if (n < 0)
|
---|
454 | goto die_infile;
|
---|
455 | if (n == 0)
|
---|
456 | break;
|
---|
457 | } while (--skip != 0);
|
---|
458 | }
|
---|
459 | }
|
---|
460 | if (seek) {
|
---|
461 | if (lseek(ofd, seek * obs, SEEK_CUR) < 0)
|
---|
462 | goto die_outfile;
|
---|
463 | }
|
---|
464 |
|
---|
465 | while (!(G.flags & FLAG_COUNT) || (G.in_full + G.in_part != count)) {
|
---|
466 | ssize_t n;
|
---|
467 |
|
---|
468 | n = safe_read(ifd, ibuf, ibs);
|
---|
469 | if (n == 0)
|
---|
470 | break;
|
---|
471 | if (n < 0) {
|
---|
472 | /* "Bad block" */
|
---|
473 | if (!(G.flags & FLAG_NOERROR))
|
---|
474 | goto die_infile;
|
---|
475 | bb_simple_perror_msg(infile);
|
---|
476 | /* GNU dd with conv=noerror skips over bad blocks */
|
---|
477 | xlseek(ifd, ibs, SEEK_CUR);
|
---|
478 | /* conv=noerror,sync writes NULs,
|
---|
479 | * conv=noerror just ignores input bad blocks */
|
---|
480 | n = 0;
|
---|
481 | }
|
---|
482 | if (G.flags & FLAG_SWAB) {
|
---|
483 | uint16_t *p16;
|
---|
484 | ssize_t n2;
|
---|
485 |
|
---|
486 | /* Our code allows only last read to be odd-sized */
|
---|
487 | if (prev_read_size & 1)
|
---|
488 | bb_error_msg_and_die("can't swab %lu byte buffer",
|
---|
489 | (unsigned long)prev_read_size);
|
---|
490 | prev_read_size = n;
|
---|
491 |
|
---|
492 | /* If n is odd, last byte is not swapped:
|
---|
493 | * echo -n "qwe" | dd conv=swab
|
---|
494 | * prints "wqe".
|
---|
495 | */
|
---|
496 | p16 = (void*) ibuf;
|
---|
497 | n2 = (n >> 1);
|
---|
498 | while (--n2 >= 0) {
|
---|
499 | *p16 = bswap_16(*p16);
|
---|
500 | p16++;
|
---|
501 | }
|
---|
502 | }
|
---|
503 | if ((size_t)n == ibs)
|
---|
504 | G.in_full++;
|
---|
505 | else {
|
---|
506 | G.in_part++;
|
---|
507 | if (G.flags & FLAG_SYNC) {
|
---|
508 | memset(ibuf + n, 0, ibs - n);
|
---|
509 | n = ibs;
|
---|
510 | }
|
---|
511 | }
|
---|
512 | if (G.flags & FLAG_TWOBUFS) {
|
---|
513 | char *tmp = ibuf;
|
---|
514 | while (n) {
|
---|
515 | size_t d = obs - oc;
|
---|
516 |
|
---|
517 | if (d > (size_t)n)
|
---|
518 | d = n;
|
---|
519 | memcpy(obuf + oc, tmp, d);
|
---|
520 | n -= d;
|
---|
521 | tmp += d;
|
---|
522 | oc += d;
|
---|
523 | if (oc == obs) {
|
---|
524 | if (write_and_stats(obuf, obs, obs, outfile))
|
---|
525 | goto out_status;
|
---|
526 | oc = 0;
|
---|
527 | }
|
---|
528 | }
|
---|
529 | } else {
|
---|
530 | if (write_and_stats(ibuf, n, obs, outfile))
|
---|
531 | goto out_status;
|
---|
532 | }
|
---|
533 |
|
---|
534 | if (G.flags & FLAG_FSYNC) {
|
---|
535 | if (fsync(ofd) < 0)
|
---|
536 | goto die_outfile;
|
---|
537 | }
|
---|
538 | }
|
---|
539 |
|
---|
540 | if (ENABLE_FEATURE_DD_IBS_OBS && oc) {
|
---|
541 | if (write_and_stats(obuf, oc, obs, outfile))
|
---|
542 | goto out_status;
|
---|
543 | }
|
---|
544 | if (close(ifd) < 0) {
|
---|
545 | die_infile:
|
---|
546 | bb_simple_perror_msg_and_die(infile);
|
---|
547 | }
|
---|
548 |
|
---|
549 | if (close(ofd) < 0) {
|
---|
550 | die_outfile:
|
---|
551 | bb_simple_perror_msg_and_die(outfile);
|
---|
552 | }
|
---|
553 |
|
---|
554 | exitcode = EXIT_SUCCESS;
|
---|
555 | out_status:
|
---|
556 | if (!ENABLE_FEATURE_DD_STATUS || !(G.flags & FLAG_STATUS_NONE))
|
---|
557 | dd_output_status(0);
|
---|
558 |
|
---|
559 | if (ENABLE_FEATURE_CLEAN_UP) {
|
---|
560 | free(obuf);
|
---|
561 | if (G.flags & FLAG_TWOBUFS)
|
---|
562 | free(ibuf);
|
---|
563 | }
|
---|
564 |
|
---|
565 | return exitcode;
|
---|
566 | }
|
---|