[402] | 1 | .\" This is free documentation; you can redistribute it and/or
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| 2 | .\" modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
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| 3 | .\" published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
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| 4 | .\" the License, or (at your option) any later version.
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| 5 | .\"
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| 6 | .\" The GNU General Public License's references to "object code"
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| 7 | .\" and "executables" are to be interpreted as the output of any
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| 8 | .\" document formatting or typesetting system, including
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| 9 | .\" intermediate and printed output.
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| 10 | .\"
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| 11 | .\" This manual is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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| 12 | .\" but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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| 13 | .\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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| 14 | .\" GNU General Public License for more details.
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| 15 | .\"
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| 16 | .\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public
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| 17 | .\" License along with this manual; if not, write to the Free
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| 18 | .\" Software Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139,
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| 19 | .\" USA.
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| 20 | .\"
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[2062] | 21 | .TH mondoarchive 8 "PBDATE" "Mondo Rescue PBVER-rPBREV"
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[1] | 22 |
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| 23 | .SH NAME
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| 24 | mondoarchive \- a backup / disaster\-recovery tool.
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| 25 |
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| 26 | .SH SYNOPSIS
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[2543] | 27 | .B mondoarchive \-O
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[1] | 28 | [
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| 29 | .I options
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| 30 | ] : backup your PC
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| 31 | .br
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[2543] | 32 | .B mondoarchive \-V
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[1] | 33 | [
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| 34 | .I options
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| 35 | ] : verify your backup
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| 36 |
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| 37 | .SH DESCRIPTION
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| 38 | .PP
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| 39 | .I mondoarchive
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| 40 | backs up a subset of your files, your entire filesystem, or even images of
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| 41 | non-Linux filesystems to CD's, tape, ISO images or an NFS mount. In the event of
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| 42 | catastrophic data loss, you will be able to restore everything, taking a PC from
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[2543] | 43 | bare metal to its original state if necessary.
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[1] | 44 |
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[2045] | 45 | .PP
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[1] | 46 | With
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| 47 | .BR \-O ,
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[1885] | 48 | it backs up your filesystem to CD, tape, ISO images or NFS share. Boot media
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[1] | 49 | or a special boot CD will be created to allow you to restore from bare metal if
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| 50 | necessary.
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| 51 |
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[2045] | 52 | .PP
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[1] | 53 | With
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| 54 | .BR \-V ,
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| 55 | it verifies the backup against the live filesystem. This option may be used in
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| 56 | combination with
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| 57 | .BR \-O
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| 58 | to verify a backup after its creation, or on its own to see how much the live
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| 59 | filesystem has changed since the backup was made.
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| 60 |
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[2045] | 61 | .PP
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[2543] | 62 | Call mondoarchive
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[1] | 63 | .BR without
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[2543] | 64 | .BR flags
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[1] | 65 | to make it auto-detect as many settings as possible, ask you politely for the
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| 66 | rest, and then backup and verify your OS or a subset thereof.
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| 67 |
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[2045] | 68 | .PP
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[2543] | 69 | To restore data, either run
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[1] | 70 | .I mondorestore
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[1885] | 71 | from the command line or boot from the emergency media generated during
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[1] | 72 | the backup process. The latter will come in handy if a gremlin wipes your hard
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| 73 | disk.
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| 74 |
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| 75 | .SH BACKUP MEDIA
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| 76 | .TP 13
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| 77 | You must specify one of the following:-
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| 78 |
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| 79 | .TP
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[2543] | 80 | .BI "\-c " speed
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[1] | 81 | Use CD-R drive as backup device and its (write-once) disks as backup media.
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| 82 |
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| 83 | .TP
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[2543] | 84 | .BI "\-w " speed
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[1] | 85 | Use CD-RW drive as backup device and its (write/rewrite) disks as backup media.
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| 86 | Mondo will wipe media before writing to them.
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| 87 |
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| 88 | .TP
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[2543] | 89 | .BI "\-r "
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[1] | 90 | Use DVD drive as backup device and its disks as backup media. Growisofs decides
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[116] | 91 | on the best speed for your drive. Note that calling mondoarchive
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| 92 | .B using sudo when writing to DVDs will fail
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[2543] | 93 | because growisofs does not support this \- see the growisofs manpage for
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[116] | 94 | details.
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[1] | 95 |
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| 96 | .TP
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[2543] | 97 | .BI "\-C " speed
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[1] | 98 | Use CD-R drive as a streaming device, almost like a tape streamer. Use
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| 99 | write-once disks as backup media.
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| 100 | .B Experimental.
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| 101 |
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| 102 | .TP
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[2543] | 103 | .BI "\-p " prefix
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| 104 | Use
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| 105 | .B prefix
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[20] | 106 | to generate the name of your ISO images.
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[907] | 107 | By default, mondoarchive names images mondorescue-1.iso, mondorescue-2.iso, ...
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[2543] | 108 | Using
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| 109 | .B \-p machine
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[907] | 110 | will name your images machine-1.iso, machine-2.iso, ...
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[20] | 111 |
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| 112 | .TP
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[2543] | 113 | .BI "\-i "
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[1] | 114 | Use ISO files (CD images) as backup media. This is good for backing up your
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| 115 | system to a spare hard drive. The
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| 116 | .B -n
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| 117 | switch is a wiser choice if you plan to restore from a remote filesystem.
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| 118 |
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| 119 | .TP
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[2543] | 120 | .BI "\-n " mount
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[2380] | 121 | Use files residing on a remote share as backup media.
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[1] | 122 | .I mount
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[2380] | 123 | is the remote mount-point, e.g. 'nfs://192.168.1.3:/home/nfs'
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[2224] | 124 | for my file server. If not mounted, mondoarchive will do it for you. So nice ;-)
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| 125 | If your NFS server only accept write from a backup user, you may specify it with the syntax:
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[2380] | 126 | .B nfs://user@machine:/mount/path
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[2225] | 127 | and mondoarchive will try to do its best to support it.
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[2380] | 128 | Other protocols are available such as sshfs for fuse SSH based filesystem
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| 129 | mount, with the same syntax e.g. 'sshfs://user@192.168.1.3:/home/nfs'
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[1] | 130 |
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| 131 | .TP
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[2543] | 132 | .BI "\-t "
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[1] | 133 | Use tape streamer as backup device and its tapes as backup media.
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| 134 |
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| 135 | .TP
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[2543] | 136 | .BI "\-U "
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[1762] | 137 | Use a generic USB device as backup device. Use this if you want to write
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[2543] | 138 | your backup to a USB key or USB disk, which will be make bootable.
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[2294] | 139 | The USB device should be attached to the system in order for this to work and
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[1762] | 140 | its device name passed to the
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[2543] | 141 | .BR \-d
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[2333] | 142 | option. Do not use the partition name, but the raw device name (/dev/sda e.g.)
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[1762] | 143 | .B WARNING: All the data on the related device will be removed.
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| 144 |
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| 145 | .TP
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[2543] | 146 | .BI "\-u "
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[1] | 147 | Use a generic streaming device as backup device. Use this if you want to write
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| 148 | your backup to a device that is not directly support by mondoarchive. This will
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| 149 | send the data directly to a raw device.
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| 150 | .B For experienced users only.
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| 151 |
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| 152 | .SH MAJOR OPTIONS
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| 153 | .TP 13
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[2543] | 154 | .BI "\-D "
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[1] | 155 | Make a differential backup: examine the filesystem and find which files have
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| 156 | changed since the last full backup was carried out. Backup only those files.
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| 157 |
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| 158 | .TP
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[2543] | 159 | .BI "\-E " "\*(lqpath ...\*(rq"
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[2336] | 160 | Exclude path(s) from backup. The paths should be separated with a whitespace and surrounded by quotes.
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| 161 | This is the prefered and recommended option when doing partial archiving.
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[1] | 162 | Note that mondo automatically excludes removable media (/mnt/floppy,
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[907] | 163 | /mnt/cdrom, /proc, /sys, /tmp). For example, if you are backing up to an NFS mount but you
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[1] | 164 | do not want to include the contents of the mount in a backup, exclude your
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| 165 | local mount-point with this switch. It will also work with partitions, e.g.
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| 166 | /dev/sdd4 if you have a peculiar SCSI zip drive which insists on showing up in
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| 167 | the mountlist. NB: If you exclude /dev/sdd4 then the /dev entry itself will
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| 168 | still be backed up, even though the mountlist entry will be suppressed.
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[2543] | 169 | N.B.: If you specify a directory with a final / its content will be
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| 170 | archived so it won't do what you expect.
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| 171 | You may also specify full disk device to this option as with \-E
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| 172 | \*(lq/dev/sda /dev/cciss/c0d0\*(rq
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[1] | 173 |
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| 174 | .TP
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| 175 | .BI "-I " "\*(lqpath ...\*(rq"
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[2543] | 176 | Include paths(s) in backup. This option is mainly use to perform tests
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| 177 | in order to reduce the time taken by the archiving operation.
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| 178 | The default backup path is \*(lq/\*(rq but you may specify alternatives,
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| 179 | e.g. \-I \*(lq/home /etc\*(rq to override that.
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| 180 | You may also specify full disk device to this option as with \-I
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| 181 | \*(lq/dev/sda /dev/cciss/c0d0\*(rq
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[2336] | 182 | N.B.: When using the
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| 183 | .BR \-I
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[2543] | 184 | option with the
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[2336] | 185 | .BR \-E
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[2543] | 186 | option, the \-E content should be subdirectories of those mentioned in
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| 187 | the \-I only, as -I takes precedence.
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[1] | 188 |
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| 189 | .TP
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| 190 | .BI "-J " "file"
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[791] | 191 | Specify an explicit list of files and directories to include in a plain text file, one item
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[2543] | 192 | (file or directory) per line. Beware that directories placed in that file are not managed recursively contrary to what is done with the \-I option.
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[1] | 193 |
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| 194 | .TP
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| 195 | .BI "-N"
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[791] | 196 | Exclude all mounted network filesystems. This currently means NFS, SMB, Coda, MVFS, AFS
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[1488] | 197 | OCFS and Netware. In other words, only backup the local hard disk(s).
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[1] | 198 |
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| 199 | .TP
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| 200 | .BI "-d " "dev|dir"
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[1762] | 201 | Specify the backup device (CD/tape/USB) or directory (NFS/ISO). For CD-R[W] drives,
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[1] | 202 | this is the SCSI node where the drive may be found, e.g. '0,1,0'. For tape
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[1762] | 203 | users, this is the tape streamers /dev entry, e.g. '/dev/st0'. For USB users,
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| 204 | this is the device name of your key or external disk. For ISO users,
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[1] | 205 | this is the directory where the ISO images are stored. For NFS users, this is
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| 206 | the directory within the NFS mount where the backups are stored. The default
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[1967] | 207 | for ISO and NFS is '/var/cache/mondo'.
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[1] | 208 |
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| 209 | .TP
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| 210 | .BI "-g "
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| 211 | GUI mode. Without this switch, the screen output of mondoarchive is suitable
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| 212 | for processing by an 'expect' wrapper, enabling the user to backup nightly via
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| 213 | a cron job. However, if you want to run this program with an attractive but
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[2543] | 214 | non-cron-friendly interface then use '\-g'.
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[1] | 215 |
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| 216 | .TP
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| 217 | .BI "-k " "path"
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[2294] | 218 | Path of user's kernel. If you are a Debian (<3.0) or Gentoo (<1.4) user then specify
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[2543] | 219 | .B \-k FAILSAFE
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[1] | 220 | as your kernel. Otherwise, you will rarely need this option.
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| 221 |
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| 222 | .TP
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| 223 | .BI "-m "
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| 224 | Manual (not self-retracting) CD trays are often found on laptops. If you are
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[2543] | 225 | a laptop user, your CD burner has BurnProof technology or you experience
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| 226 | problems with mondo then please call mondoarchive with this switch.
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[1] | 227 |
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| 228 | .TP
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| 229 | .BI "-o "
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[1948] | 230 | Use OBDR (One Button Disaster Recovery) type of tapes.
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| 231 | By default, tapes are not bootable. With this flag, tape will be made bootable
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| 232 | following the OBDR format.
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[1] | 233 |
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| 234 | .TP
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| 235 | .BI "-s " "size"
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| 236 | How much can each of your backup media hold? You may use 'm' and 'g' on the end
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| 237 | of the number, e.g. '700m' for an extra-large CD-R. You no longer need to
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| 238 | specify the size of your cartridges if you are backing up to tape.
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| 239 |
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| 240 | .TP
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| 241 | .BI "-x " "'dev ...'"
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| 242 | Specify non-Linux partitions which you want to backup, e.g. NTFS or BeOS.
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| 243 |
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| 244 |
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| 245 | .SH MINOR OPTIONS
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| 246 | .TP 13
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| 247 | .BI "-[0-9] "
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| 248 | Specify the compression level. Default is 3. No compression is 0.
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| 249 |
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| 250 | .TP
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| 251 | .BI "-A " "command"
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| 252 | This command will be called after each CD/NFS/ISO file is written. It is useful
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| 253 | if you want to do something with an ISO after creating it, e.g. write it to a
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| 254 | CD burner using a non-standard command.
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| 255 | .B -A
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[2543] | 256 | understands two tokens \- _ISO_ and _CD#_ - which will be translated into the
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[1] | 257 | ISO's filename and its index number (1, 2, ...) respectively. So, you could use
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[2543] | 258 | .I \-A 'foobackup _ISO_; rm \-f _ISO_'
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[1] | 259 | to feed each ISO to some magical new backup tool.
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| 260 |
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| 261 | .TP
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| 262 | .BI "-B " "command"
|
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| 263 | This command will be called before each CD/NFS/ISO file is written. See
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[2543] | 264 | .B \-A
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[1] | 265 | for more information.
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| 266 |
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| 267 | .TP
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| 268 | .BI "-H "
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| 269 | When you boot from the tape/CD, your hard drive will be wiped and the archives
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| 270 | will be restored. Your decision to boot from the tape/CD will be taken as
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| 271 | consent. No further permission will be sought.
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| 272 | .B Use with caution.
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| 273 |
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| 274 | .TP
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| 275 | .BI "-L "
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| 276 | Use lzo, a fast compression engine, instead of bzip2. You may find lzo on
|
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| 277 | Mondo's website or via FreshMeat. WARNING! Some versions of LZO are unstable.
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| 278 |
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| 279 | .TP
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[998] | 280 | .BI "-G "
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| 281 | Use gzip, the standard and quicker Linux compression engine, instead of bzip2.
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| 282 |
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| 283 | .TP
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[1] | 284 | .BI "-R "
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[2543] | 285 | EXPERIMENTAL. Do not use in mission-critical environments. Star is an
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| 286 | alternative to afio. Mondo now supports POSIX ACLs and extended
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| 287 | attributes, so \-R is essentially redundant for now.
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[1] | 288 |
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| 289 | .TP
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| 290 | .BI "-P " "tarball"
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| 291 | Post-nuke tarball. If you boot into Nuke Mode and everything is restored
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[2543] | 292 | successfully then the
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[1] | 293 | .I post-nuke
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| 294 | script will be sought and executed if found. This is useful for post-restore
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| 295 | customization. It is assumed that the tarball (.tar.gz format) will contain not
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| 296 | just the
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| 297 | .I post-nuke
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[2543] | 298 | script (or binary, or whatever it is) but also any files it requires.
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[1] | 299 |
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| 300 | .TP
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| 301 | .BI "-S " "path"
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[2543] | 302 | Specify the full pathname of the scratchdir, the directory where ISO
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| 303 | images are built before being archived. If you have plenty of RAM and
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| 304 | want to use a ramdisk for scratch space, specify its path here.
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[1] | 305 |
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| 306 | .TP
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| 307 | .BI "-T " "path"
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[2543] | 308 | Specify the full pathname of the tempdir, the directory where temporary
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| 309 | files (other than ISO images being assembled) are stored. See
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| 310 | .B \-S
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[1] | 311 |
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| 312 | .TP
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| 313 | .BI "-W "
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| 314 | Don't make your backup self-booting. This is a really bad idea, IMO. Don't do
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| 315 | this unless you have really great boot disks in your hand and you are an anally
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| 316 | retentive SOB who can't wait 2 minutes for Mindi to run in the background. If
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[2543] | 317 | you use \-W then you'd better know what the hell you're doing, okay?
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[1] | 318 |
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| 319 | .TP
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| 320 | .BI "-b "
|
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| 321 | Specify the internal block size used by the tape drive. This is usually 32K but
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| 322 | some drives just don't like that. They should but they don't. That's what
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| 323 | happens when tape drive vendors don't talk to kernel driver writers. Try 512 or
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| 324 | 16384.
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| 325 |
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| 326 | .TP
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| 327 | .BI "-e "
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[1967] | 328 | Don't eject the CD or tape when backing up...
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[1] | 329 |
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| 330 | .TP
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| 331 | .BI "-f " "device"
|
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| 332 | Specify the drive on which your Master Boot Record lives. Usually, this is
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[2492] | 333 | discovered automatically. A good use case may be when you have software RAID.
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[1] | 334 |
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| 335 | .TP
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| 336 | .BI "-l " "GRUB|LILO|ELILO|RAW"
|
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| 337 | Specify the boot loader. By default, your Master Boot Record is examined and
|
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| 338 | the boot loader can usually be discovered. If you specify RAW then the MBR will
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| 339 | be backed up and restored byte-for-byte without any analysis. It is likely that
|
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[2543] | 340 | you will also need to specify the boot device with \-f <dev>. ELILO is mandatory
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[1] | 341 | for IA64 machines.
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| 342 |
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| 343 | .TP
|
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| 344 | .BI "-Q "
|
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| 345 | Give more detailed information about the boot loader.
|
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| 346 |
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| 347 | .TP
|
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| 348 | .BI "-K " "loglevel"
|
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[907] | 349 | Specify the loglevel. Use 99 for full debug. Standard debug level is 4.
|
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[1] | 350 |
|
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[948] | 351 | .TP
|
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| 352 | .BI "-z "
|
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[2543] | 353 | Use extended attributes and acl for each file and store them in the
|
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| 354 | backup media. Use this option if you use SElinux e.g. but it will slow
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| 355 | down backup and restore time of course.
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[1] | 356 |
|
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[948] | 357 |
|
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[1] | 358 | .SH DIAGNOSTICS
|
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[1315] | 359 | Mondo generates one additional, and extremely important file:
|
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[2543] | 360 | .BI /var/log/mondoarchive.log.
|
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| 361 | When seeking technical support, attach this file to your email.
|
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[1] | 362 |
|
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| 363 |
|
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| 364 | .SH FILES
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[1315] | 365 | .IR /var/log/mondoarchive.log
|
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[1] | 366 | This log contains important information required to analyse mondoarchive
|
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[1315] | 367 | problem reports. Did I already said that it's highly recommended to send this file with
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[1] | 368 | support questions.
|
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| 369 |
|
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[2543] | 370 |
|
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[1] | 371 | .SH NOTES
|
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[2543] | 372 | A link to Mondo's HTML-based manual (by Bruno Cornec, Mikael Hultgren,
|
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| 373 | Cafeole, Randy Delphs, Stan Benoit, and Hugo Rabson) may be found at
|
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[399] | 374 | .I http://www.mondorescue.org/docs.shtml
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[2543] | 375 | \- or in
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[1] | 376 | .I /usr/share/doc/mondo-x.xx
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| 377 | on your hard drive.
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| 378 |
|
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| 379 | .SH BUGS
|
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| 380 | It is recommend that your system has more than 64 MB ram. SCSI device order
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| 381 | change with nuke can have unexpected results. It is recommended you use expert
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[2543] | 382 | mode with drastic hardware reconfigurations.
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[1] | 383 |
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| 384 | .SH EXAMPLES
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| 385 |
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| 386 | .BI ISO:
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| 387 | Backup to a directory; note that /mnt/foo's contents will be backed up except
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[2543] | 388 | for its ISO's unless you exclude it, as follows:
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[1] | 389 | .br
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[954] | 390 | .I "mondoarchive -Oi -d /mnt/foo -E '/mnt/foo /mnt/foo2' -p \`hostname\`-\`date +%Y-%m-%d\`"
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[1] | 391 |
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| 392 | Backup to ISO's non-interactively, e.g. as a job running in /etc/cron.daily:
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| 393 | .br
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[954] | 394 | .I "mkdir -p /bkp/\`date +%A\`; mondoarchive -Oi -9 -d /bkp/\`date +%A\` -E /bkp"
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[1] | 395 |
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| 396 | .BI DVD:
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| 397 | Backup PC using DVD Media:
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| 398 | .br
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[570] | 399 | .I "mondoarchive -OVr -d /dev/scd0 -gF -s 4480m"
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[1] | 400 |
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| 401 | .BI TAPE:
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| 402 | Backup to tape, using lzo compression (WARNING - can be unstable):
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| 403 | .br
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| 404 | .I "mondoarchive -Ot -d /dev/st0 -L"
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| 405 |
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| 406 | Verify existing tape backup which was made with lzo compression:-
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| 407 | .br
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| 408 | .I "mondoarchive -Vt -d /dev/st0 -L -g"
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| 409 |
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| 410 | Backup to tape, using max compression:
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| 411 | .br
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| 412 | .I "mondoarchive -Ot -9 -d /dev/st0 "
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| 413 |
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| 414 | .BI CD-R:
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| 415 | Backup to 700MB CD-R disks using a 16x CD burner:
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| 416 | .br
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| 417 | .I "mondoarchive -Oc 16 -s 700m -g"
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| 418 |
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| 419 | Verify existing CD-R or CD-RW backup (works for either):-
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| 420 | .br
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| 421 | .I "mondoarchive -Vc 16"
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| 422 |
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| 423 | .BI CD-RW:
|
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| 424 | Backup to 650MB CD-RW disks using a 4x CD ReWriter:
|
---|
| 425 | .br
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| 426 | .I "mondoarchive -Ow 4"
|
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| 427 |
|
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| 428 | Backup just your /home and /etc directory to 650MB CD-RW disks using a 4x CD
|
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| 429 | ReWriter:
|
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| 430 | .br
|
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| 431 | .I "mondoarchive -Ow 4 -I \*(lq/home /etc\*(rq"
|
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| 432 |
|
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| 433 | .BI NFS:
|
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| 434 | Backup to an NFS mount:
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---|
| 435 | .br
|
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[2380] | 436 | .I "mondoarchive -On nfs://192.168.1.2:/home/nfs -d /Monday -E /mnt/nfs"
|
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[1] | 437 |
|
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| 438 | Verify existing NFS backup:-
|
---|
| 439 | .br
|
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[2380] | 440 | .I "mondoarchive -Vn nfs://192.168.1.2:/home/nfs -d /Monday"
|
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[1] | 441 |
|
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[1762] | 442 | .BI USB:
|
---|
| 443 | Backup to your USB key, using gzip compression:
|
---|
| 444 | .br
|
---|
| 445 | .I "mondoarchive -OU -d /dev/sda -G"
|
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| 446 |
|
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[1] | 447 | .BI RAID:
|
---|
| 448 | Backup PC to a Software Raid mount point, iso size 700mb:
|
---|
| 449 | .br
|
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[2543] | 450 | .I "mondoarchive -O -s 700m -d /mnt/raid"
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[1] | 451 |
|
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| 452 |
|
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| 453 | .SH "SEE ALSO"
|
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[175] | 454 | afio(1), bzip2(1), find(1), mindi(8), mondorestore(8).
|
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[1] | 455 | .SH AUTHORS
|
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[2543] | 456 | Bruno Cornec (lead-development)
|
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[569] | 457 | .I "bruno_at_mondorescue.org"
|
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[1] | 458 | .br
|
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[2543] | 459 | Andree Leidenfrost (co-developer)
|
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[399] | 460 | .I "aleidenf_at_bigpond.net.au"
|
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[175] | 461 | .br
|
---|
[399] | 462 | .SH ORIGINAL AUTHORS
|
---|
| 463 | Hugo Rabson (original author)
|
---|
| 464 | .I "hugo.rabson_at_mondorescue.org"
|
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[175] | 465 | .br
|
---|
| 466 | Jesse Keating (original RPM packager)
|
---|
[399] | 467 | .I "hosting_at_j2solutions.net"
|
---|
[1] | 468 | .br
|
---|
| 469 | Stan Benoit (testing)
|
---|
[399] | 470 | .I "troff_at_nakedsoul.org"
|
---|
[1] | 471 | .br
|
---|
| 472 | Mikael Hultgren (docs)
|
---|
[399] | 473 | .I "mikael_hultgren_at_gmx.net"
|
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[1] | 474 | .br
|
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[116] | 475 | See mailing list at http://www.mondorescue.org for technical support.
|
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