1 | /* vi: set sw=4 ts=4: */
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2 | /*
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3 | * universal getopt32 implementation for busybox
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4 | *
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5 | * Copyright (C) 2003-2005 Vladimir Oleynik <dzo@simtreas.ru>
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6 | *
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7 | * Licensed under GPLv2 or later, see file LICENSE in this tarball for details.
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8 | */
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9 |
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10 | #include <getopt.h>
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11 | #include "libbb.h"
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12 |
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13 | /* Documentation
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14 |
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15 | uint32_t
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16 | getopt32(char **argv, const char *applet_opts, ...)
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17 |
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18 | The command line options must be declared in const char
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19 | *applet_opts as a string of chars, for example:
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20 |
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21 | flags = getopt32(argv, "rnug");
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22 |
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23 | If one of the given options is found, a flag value is added to
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24 | the return value (an unsigned long).
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25 |
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26 | The flag value is determined by the position of the char in
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27 | applet_opts string. For example, in the above case:
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28 |
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29 | flags = getopt32(argv, "rnug");
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30 |
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31 | "r" will add 1 (bit 0)
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32 | "n" will add 2 (bit 1)
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33 | "u will add 4 (bit 2)
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34 | "g" will add 8 (bit 3)
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35 |
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36 | and so on. You can also look at the return value as a bit
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37 | field and each option sets one bit.
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38 |
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39 | On exit, global variable optind is set so that if you
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40 | will do argc -= optind; argv += optind; then
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41 | argc will be equal to number of remaining non-option
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42 | arguments, first one would be in argv[0], next in argv[1] and so on
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43 | (options and their parameters will be moved into argv[]
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44 | positions prior to argv[optind]).
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45 |
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46 | ":" If one of the options requires an argument, then add a ":"
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47 | after the char in applet_opts and provide a pointer to store
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48 | the argument. For example:
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49 |
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50 | char *pointer_to_arg_for_a;
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51 | char *pointer_to_arg_for_b;
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52 | char *pointer_to_arg_for_c;
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53 | char *pointer_to_arg_for_d;
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54 |
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55 | flags = getopt32(argv, "a:b:c:d:",
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56 | &pointer_to_arg_for_a, &pointer_to_arg_for_b,
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57 | &pointer_to_arg_for_c, &pointer_to_arg_for_d);
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58 |
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59 | The type of the pointer (char* or llist_t*) may be controlled
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60 | by the "::" special separator that is set in the external string
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61 | opt_complementary (see below for more info).
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62 |
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63 | "::" If option can have an *optional* argument, then add a "::"
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64 | after its char in applet_opts and provide a pointer to store
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65 | the argument. Note that optional arguments _must_
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66 | immediately follow the option: -oparam, not -o param.
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67 |
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68 | "+" If the first character in the applet_opts string is a plus,
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69 | then option processing will stop as soon as a non-option is
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70 | encountered in the argv array. Useful for applets like env
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71 | which should not process arguments to subprograms:
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72 | env -i ls -d /
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73 | Here we want env to process just the '-i', not the '-d'.
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74 |
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75 | const char *applet_long_options
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76 |
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77 | This struct allows you to define long options:
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78 |
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79 | static const char applet_longopts[] ALIGN1 =
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80 | //"name\0" has_arg val
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81 | "verbose\0" No_argument "v"
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82 | ;
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83 | applet_long_options = applet_longopts;
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84 |
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85 | The last member of struct option (val) typically is set to
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86 | matching short option from applet_opts. If there is no matching
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87 | char in applet_opts, then:
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88 | - return bit have next position after short options
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89 | - if has_arg is not "No_argument", use ptr for arg also
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90 | - opt_complementary affects it too
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91 |
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92 | Note: a good applet will make long options configurable via the
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93 | config process and not a required feature. The current standard
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94 | is to name the config option CONFIG_FEATURE_<applet>_LONG_OPTIONS.
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95 |
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96 | const char *opt_complementary
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97 |
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98 | ":" The colon (":") is used to separate groups of two or more chars
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99 | and/or groups of chars and special characters (stating some
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100 | conditions to be checked).
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101 |
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102 | "abc" If groups of two or more chars are specified, the first char
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103 | is the main option and the other chars are secondary options.
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104 | Their flags will be turned on if the main option is found even
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105 | if they are not specifed on the command line. For example:
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106 |
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107 | opt_complementary = "abc";
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108 | flags = getopt32(argv, "abcd")
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109 |
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110 | If getopt() finds "-a" on the command line, then
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111 | getopt32's return value will be as if "-a -b -c" were
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112 | found.
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113 |
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114 | "ww" Adjacent double options have a counter associated which indicates
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115 | the number of occurences of the option.
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116 | For example the ps applet needs:
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117 | if w is given once, GNU ps sets the width to 132,
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118 | if w is given more than once, it is "unlimited"
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119 |
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120 | int w_counter = 0;
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121 | opt_complementary = "ww";
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122 | getopt32(argv, "w", &w_counter);
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123 | if (w_counter)
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124 | width = (w_counter == 1) ? 132 : INT_MAX;
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125 | else
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126 | get_terminal_width(...&width...);
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127 |
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128 | w_counter is a pointer to an integer. It has to be passed to
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129 | getopt32() after all other option argument sinks.
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130 |
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131 | For example: accept multiple -v to indicate the level of verbosity
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132 | and for each -b optarg, add optarg to my_b. Finally, if b is given,
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133 | turn off c and vice versa:
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134 |
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135 | llist_t *my_b = NULL;
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136 | int verbose_level = 0;
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137 | opt_complementary = "vv:b::b-c:c-b";
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138 | f = getopt32(argv, "vb:c", &my_b, &verbose_level);
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139 | if (f & 2) // -c after -b unsets -b flag
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140 | while (my_b) { dosomething_with(my_b->data); my_b = my_b->link; }
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141 | if (my_b) // but llist is stored if -b is specified
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142 | free_llist(my_b);
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143 | if (verbose_level) printf("verbose level is %d\n", verbose_level);
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144 |
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145 | Special characters:
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146 |
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147 | "-" A dash as the first char in a opt_complementary group forces
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148 | all arguments to be treated as options, even if they have
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149 | no leading dashes. Next char in this case can't be a digit (0-9),
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150 | use ':' or end of line. For example:
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151 |
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152 | opt_complementary = "-:w-x:x-w";
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153 | getopt32(argv, "wx");
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154 |
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155 | Allows any arguments to be given without a dash (./program w x)
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156 | as well as with a dash (./program -x).
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157 |
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158 | "--" A double dash at the beginning of opt_complementary means the
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159 | argv[1] string should always be treated as options, even if it isn't
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160 | prefixed with a "-". This is useful for special syntax in applets
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161 | such as "ar" and "tar":
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162 | tar xvf foo.tar
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163 |
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164 | "-N" A dash as the first char in a opt_complementary group followed
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165 | by a single digit (0-9) means that at least N non-option
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166 | arguments must be present on the command line
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167 |
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168 | "=N" An equal sign as the first char in a opt_complementary group followed
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169 | by a single digit (0-9) means that exactly N non-option
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170 | arguments must be present on the command line
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171 |
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172 | "?N" A "?" as the first char in a opt_complementary group followed
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173 | by a single digit (0-9) means that at most N arguments must be present
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174 | on the command line.
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175 |
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176 | "V-" An option with dash before colon or end-of-line results in
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177 | bb_show_usage being called if this option is encountered.
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178 | This is typically used to implement "print verbose usage message
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179 | and exit" option.
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180 |
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181 | "-" A dash between two options causes the second of the two
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182 | to be unset (and ignored) if it is given on the command line.
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183 |
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184 | [FIXME: what if they are the same? like "x-x"? Is it ever useful?]
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185 |
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186 | For example:
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187 | The du applet has the options "-s" and "-d depth". If
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188 | getopt32 finds -s, then -d is unset or if it finds -d
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189 | then -s is unset. (Note: busybox implements the GNU
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190 | "--max-depth" option as "-d".) To obtain this behavior, you
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191 | set opt_complementary = "s-d:d-s". Only one flag value is
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192 | added to getopt32's return value depending on the
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193 | position of the options on the command line. If one of the
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194 | two options requires an argument pointer (":" in applet_opts
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195 | as in "d:") optarg is set accordingly.
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196 |
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197 | char *smax_print_depth;
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198 |
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199 | opt_complementary = "s-d:d-s:x-x";
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200 | opt = getopt32(argv, "sd:x", &smax_print_depth);
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201 |
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202 | if (opt & 2)
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203 | max_print_depth = atoi(smax_print_depth);
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204 | if (opt & 4)
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205 | printf("Detected odd -x usage\n");
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206 |
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207 | "--" A double dash between two options, or between an option and a group
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208 | of options, means that they are mutually exclusive. Unlike
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209 | the "-" case above, an error will be forced if the options
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210 | are used together.
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211 |
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212 | For example:
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213 | The cut applet must have only one type of list specified, so
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214 | -b, -c and -f are mutually exclusive and should raise an error
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215 | if specified together. In this case you must set
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216 | opt_complementary = "b--cf:c--bf:f--bc". If two of the
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217 | mutually exclusive options are found, getopt32 will call
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218 | bb_show_usage() and die.
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219 |
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220 | "x--x" Variation of the above, it means that -x option should occur
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221 | at most once.
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222 |
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223 | "::" A double colon after a char in opt_complementary means that the
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224 | option can occur multiple times. Each occurrence will be saved as
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225 | a llist_t element instead of char*.
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226 |
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227 | For example:
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228 | The grep applet can have one or more "-e pattern" arguments.
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229 | In this case you should use getopt32() as follows:
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230 |
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231 | llist_t *patterns = NULL;
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232 |
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233 | (this pointer must be initializated to NULL if the list is empty
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234 | as required by llist_add_to_end(llist_t **old_head, char *new_item).)
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235 |
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236 | opt_complementary = "e::";
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237 |
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238 | getopt32(argv, "e:", &patterns);
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239 | $ grep -e user -e root /etc/passwd
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240 | root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
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241 | user:x:500:500::/home/user:/bin/bash
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242 |
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243 | "?" An "?" between an option and a group of options means that
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244 | at least one of them is required to occur if the first option
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245 | occurs in preceding command line arguments.
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246 |
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247 | For example from "id" applet:
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248 |
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249 | // Don't allow -n -r -rn -ug -rug -nug -rnug
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250 | opt_complementary = "r?ug:n?ug:?u--g:g--u";
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251 | flags = getopt32(argv, "rnug");
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252 |
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253 | This example allowed only:
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254 | $ id; id -u; id -g; id -ru; id -nu; id -rg; id -ng; id -rnu; id -rng
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255 |
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256 | "X" A opt_complementary group with just a single letter means
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257 | that this option is required. If more than one such group exists,
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258 | at least one option is required to occur (not all of them).
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259 | For example from "start-stop-daemon" applet:
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260 |
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261 | // Don't allow -KS -SK, but -S or -K is required
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262 | opt_complementary = "K:S:?K--S:S--K";
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263 | flags = getopt32(argv, "KS...);
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264 |
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265 |
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266 | Don't forget to use ':'. For example, "?322-22-23X-x-a"
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267 | is interpreted as "?3:22:-2:2-2:2-3Xa:2--x" -
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268 | max 3 args; count uses of '-2'; min 2 args; if there is
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269 | a '-2' option then unset '-3', '-X' and '-a'; if there is
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270 | a '-2' and after it a '-x' then error out.
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271 | */
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272 |
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273 | /* Code here assumes that 'unsigned' is at least 32 bits wide */
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274 |
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275 | const char *opt_complementary;
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276 |
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277 | typedef struct {
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278 | int opt;
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279 | int list_flg;
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280 | unsigned switch_on;
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281 | unsigned switch_off;
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282 | unsigned incongruously;
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283 | unsigned requires;
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284 | void **optarg; /* char **optarg or llist_t **optarg */
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285 | int *counter;
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286 | } t_complementary;
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287 |
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288 | /* You can set applet_long_options for parse called long options */
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289 | #if ENABLE_GETOPT_LONG
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290 | static const struct option bb_null_long_options[1] = {
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291 | { 0, 0, 0, 0 }
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292 | };
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293 | const char *applet_long_options;
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294 | #endif
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295 |
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296 | uint32_t option_mask32;
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297 |
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298 | uint32_t
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299 | getopt32(char **argv, const char *applet_opts, ...)
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300 | {
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301 | int argc;
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302 | unsigned flags = 0;
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303 | unsigned requires = 0;
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304 | t_complementary complementary[33];
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305 | int c;
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306 | const unsigned char *s;
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307 | t_complementary *on_off;
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308 | va_list p;
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309 | #if ENABLE_GETOPT_LONG
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310 | const struct option *l_o;
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311 | struct option *long_options = (struct option *) &bb_null_long_options;
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312 | #endif
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313 | unsigned trigger;
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314 | char **pargv = NULL;
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315 | int min_arg = 0;
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316 | int max_arg = -1;
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317 |
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318 | #define SHOW_USAGE_IF_ERROR 1
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319 | #define ALL_ARGV_IS_OPTS 2
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320 | #define FIRST_ARGV_IS_OPT 4
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321 | #define FREE_FIRST_ARGV_IS_OPT 8
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322 | int spec_flgs = 0;
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323 |
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324 | argc = 0;
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325 | while (argv[argc])
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326 | argc++;
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327 |
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328 | va_start(p, applet_opts);
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329 |
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330 | c = 0;
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331 | on_off = complementary;
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332 | memset(on_off, 0, sizeof(complementary));
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333 |
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334 | /* skip GNU extension */
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335 | s = (const unsigned char *)applet_opts;
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336 | if (*s == '+' || *s == '-')
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337 | s++;
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338 | while (*s) {
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339 | if (c >= 32) break;
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340 | on_off->opt = *s;
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341 | on_off->switch_on = (1 << c);
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342 | if (*++s == ':') {
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343 | on_off->optarg = va_arg(p, void **);
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344 | while (*++s == ':') /* skip */;
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345 | }
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346 | on_off++;
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347 | c++;
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348 | }
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349 |
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350 | #if ENABLE_GETOPT_LONG
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351 | if (applet_long_options) {
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352 | const char *optstr;
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353 | unsigned i, count;
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354 |
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355 | count = 1;
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356 | optstr = applet_long_options;
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357 | while (optstr[0]) {
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358 | optstr += strlen(optstr) + 3; /* skip NUL, has_arg, val */
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359 | count++;
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360 | }
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361 | /* count == no. of longopts + 1 */
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362 | long_options = alloca(count * sizeof(*long_options));
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363 | memset(long_options, 0, count * sizeof(*long_options));
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364 | i = 0;
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365 | optstr = applet_long_options;
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366 | while (--count) {
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367 | long_options[i].name = optstr;
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368 | optstr += strlen(optstr) + 1;
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369 | long_options[i].has_arg = (unsigned char)(*optstr++);
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370 | /* long_options[i].flag = NULL; */
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371 | long_options[i].val = (unsigned char)(*optstr++);
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372 | i++;
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373 | }
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374 | for (l_o = long_options; l_o->name; l_o++) {
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375 | if (l_o->flag)
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376 | continue;
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377 | for (on_off = complementary; on_off->opt != 0; on_off++)
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378 | if (on_off->opt == l_o->val)
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379 | goto next_long;
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380 | if (c >= 32) break;
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381 | on_off->opt = l_o->val;
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382 | on_off->switch_on = (1 << c);
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383 | if (l_o->has_arg != no_argument)
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384 | on_off->optarg = va_arg(p, void **);
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385 | c++;
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386 | next_long: ;
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387 | }
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388 | }
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389 | #endif /* ENABLE_GETOPT_LONG */
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390 | for (s = (const unsigned char *)opt_complementary; s && *s; s++) {
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391 | t_complementary *pair;
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392 | unsigned *pair_switch;
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393 |
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394 | if (*s == ':')
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395 | continue;
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396 | c = s[1];
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397 | if (*s == '?') {
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398 | if (c < '0' || c > '9') {
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399 | spec_flgs |= SHOW_USAGE_IF_ERROR;
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400 | } else {
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401 | max_arg = c - '0';
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402 | s++;
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403 | }
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404 | continue;
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405 | }
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406 | if (*s == '-') {
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407 | if (c < '0' || c > '9') {
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408 | if (c == '-') {
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409 | spec_flgs |= FIRST_ARGV_IS_OPT;
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410 | s++;
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411 | } else
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412 | spec_flgs |= ALL_ARGV_IS_OPTS;
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413 | } else {
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414 | min_arg = c - '0';
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415 | s++;
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416 | }
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417 | continue;
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418 | }
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419 | if (*s == '=') {
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420 | min_arg = max_arg = c - '0';
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421 | s++;
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422 | continue;
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423 | }
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424 | for (on_off = complementary; on_off->opt; on_off++)
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425 | if (on_off->opt == *s)
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426 | break;
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427 | if (c == ':' && s[2] == ':') {
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428 | on_off->list_flg++;
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429 | continue;
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430 | }
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431 | if (c == ':' || c == '\0') {
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432 | requires |= on_off->switch_on;
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433 | continue;
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434 | }
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435 | if (c == '-' && (s[2] == ':' || s[2] == '\0')) {
|
---|
436 | flags |= on_off->switch_on;
|
---|
437 | on_off->incongruously |= on_off->switch_on;
|
---|
438 | s++;
|
---|
439 | continue;
|
---|
440 | }
|
---|
441 | if (c == *s) {
|
---|
442 | on_off->counter = va_arg(p, int *);
|
---|
443 | s++;
|
---|
444 | }
|
---|
445 | pair = on_off;
|
---|
446 | pair_switch = &(pair->switch_on);
|
---|
447 | for (s++; *s && *s != ':'; s++) {
|
---|
448 | if (*s == '?') {
|
---|
449 | pair_switch = &(pair->requires);
|
---|
450 | } else if (*s == '-') {
|
---|
451 | if (pair_switch == &(pair->switch_off))
|
---|
452 | pair_switch = &(pair->incongruously);
|
---|
453 | else
|
---|
454 | pair_switch = &(pair->switch_off);
|
---|
455 | } else {
|
---|
456 | for (on_off = complementary; on_off->opt; on_off++)
|
---|
457 | if (on_off->opt == *s) {
|
---|
458 | *pair_switch |= on_off->switch_on;
|
---|
459 | break;
|
---|
460 | }
|
---|
461 | }
|
---|
462 | }
|
---|
463 | s--;
|
---|
464 | }
|
---|
465 | va_end(p);
|
---|
466 |
|
---|
467 | if (spec_flgs & FIRST_ARGV_IS_OPT) {
|
---|
468 | if (argv[1] && argv[1][0] != '-' && argv[1][0] != '\0') {
|
---|
469 | argv[1] = xasprintf("-%s", argv[1]);
|
---|
470 | if (ENABLE_FEATURE_CLEAN_UP)
|
---|
471 | spec_flgs |= FREE_FIRST_ARGV_IS_OPT;
|
---|
472 | }
|
---|
473 | }
|
---|
474 |
|
---|
475 | /* In case getopt32 was already called, reinit some state */
|
---|
476 | optind = 1;
|
---|
477 | /* optarg = NULL; opterr = 0; optopt = 0; ?? */
|
---|
478 |
|
---|
479 | /* Note: just "getopt() <= 0" will not work good for
|
---|
480 | * "fake" short options, like this one:
|
---|
481 | * wget $'-\203' "Test: test" http://kernel.org/
|
---|
482 | * (supposed to act as --header, but doesn't) */
|
---|
483 | #if ENABLE_GETOPT_LONG
|
---|
484 | while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, applet_opts,
|
---|
485 | long_options, NULL)) != -1) {
|
---|
486 | #else
|
---|
487 | while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, applet_opts)) != -1) {
|
---|
488 | #endif
|
---|
489 | c &= 0xff; /* fight libc's sign extends */
|
---|
490 | loop_arg_is_opt:
|
---|
491 | for (on_off = complementary; on_off->opt != c; on_off++) {
|
---|
492 | /* c==0 if long opt have non NULL flag */
|
---|
493 | if (on_off->opt == 0 && c != 0)
|
---|
494 | bb_show_usage();
|
---|
495 | }
|
---|
496 | if (flags & on_off->incongruously)
|
---|
497 | bb_show_usage();
|
---|
498 | trigger = on_off->switch_on & on_off->switch_off;
|
---|
499 | flags &= ~(on_off->switch_off ^ trigger);
|
---|
500 | flags |= on_off->switch_on ^ trigger;
|
---|
501 | flags ^= trigger;
|
---|
502 | if (on_off->counter)
|
---|
503 | (*(on_off->counter))++;
|
---|
504 | if (on_off->list_flg) {
|
---|
505 | llist_add_to_end((llist_t **)(on_off->optarg), optarg);
|
---|
506 | } else if (on_off->optarg) {
|
---|
507 | *(char **)(on_off->optarg) = optarg;
|
---|
508 | }
|
---|
509 | if (pargv != NULL)
|
---|
510 | break;
|
---|
511 | }
|
---|
512 |
|
---|
513 | if (spec_flgs & ALL_ARGV_IS_OPTS) {
|
---|
514 | /* process argv is option, for example "ps" applet */
|
---|
515 | if (pargv == NULL)
|
---|
516 | pargv = argv + optind;
|
---|
517 | while (*pargv) {
|
---|
518 | c = **pargv;
|
---|
519 | if (c == '\0') {
|
---|
520 | pargv++;
|
---|
521 | } else {
|
---|
522 | (*pargv)++;
|
---|
523 | goto loop_arg_is_opt;
|
---|
524 | }
|
---|
525 | }
|
---|
526 | }
|
---|
527 |
|
---|
528 | #if (ENABLE_AR || ENABLE_TAR) && ENABLE_FEATURE_CLEAN_UP
|
---|
529 | if (spec_flgs & FREE_FIRST_ARGV_IS_OPT)
|
---|
530 | free(argv[1]);
|
---|
531 | #endif
|
---|
532 | /* check depending requires for given options */
|
---|
533 | for (on_off = complementary; on_off->opt; on_off++) {
|
---|
534 | if (on_off->requires && (flags & on_off->switch_on) &&
|
---|
535 | (flags & on_off->requires) == 0)
|
---|
536 | bb_show_usage();
|
---|
537 | }
|
---|
538 | if (requires && (flags & requires) == 0)
|
---|
539 | bb_show_usage();
|
---|
540 | argc -= optind;
|
---|
541 | if (argc < min_arg || (max_arg >= 0 && argc > max_arg))
|
---|
542 | bb_show_usage();
|
---|
543 |
|
---|
544 | option_mask32 = flags;
|
---|
545 | return flags;
|
---|
546 | }
|
---|